|
The Mediterranean Science Commission, or ''Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Méditerranée'' (CIESM), is a commission created in Madrid, Spain, in 1919 to undertake multilateral international research on marine science in the Mediterranean Sea. The organization was founded by countries that border the sea and is now open to all countries engaged in scientific research in the sea. The CIESM aims to develop scientific cooperation through promoting international use of national research stations. The CIESM is an intergovernmental body with 23 member states that mostly border the Mediterranean coast. ==Early years== Two professors, the Italian Decio Vinciguerra and the German Otto Krümmel, thought it would be useful for the fishing industry to promote oceanographic exploration of the Mediterranean Sea. Based on Vinciguerra's proposal, the 9th International Geographical Union in Geneva endorsed the principle of a commission in July 1908 and decided a committee should define the organization. The committee was formed and first met in Monaco on 30 March 1910 under the chairmanship of Albert I, Prince of Monaco, in the premises of the recently created Oceanographic Museum. Two apparently contradictory principles emerged. The Commission had to be free from political interference, and the countries had to be represented at the government level so the scientific opinions of the commission would carry weight. The next meeting, in February 1914, endorsed the principle that all the countries bordering the Mediterranean and the Black Sea should be eligible for membership. The planned third meeting, in Spain, was cancelled as a result of the start of World War I. The Constituent Assembly of the CIESM was therefore delayed until November 1919, when it was held in Madrid after a preparatory meeting in Paris in June 1919. King Alfonso XIII of Spain was the first president. The founding meeting had representatives from Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Monaco, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. From 1919 until 1939 several marine observatories were founded around the Mediterranean in countries such as Algeria, Tunisia, and Italy. Specialized French, Italian, and Spanish vessels undertook mapping and research in the Strait of Gibraltar, the Bosphorus, the Strait of Messina, and the Gulf of Gabès. The membership expanded to include Romania (1925), Serbia (1927), Cyprus (1919), Palestine (1929), Syria (1930), Lebanon (1930) and Morocco (1933). The commission published a journal and annual reports. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mediterranean Science Commission」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|